Medical Science

One of the more promising theories of consciousness, IIT potentially offers a measurable way of determining if something is conscious or not.

The lungs are vital for life, but their function is sometimes impaired. Scientists have given animals and humans oxygen via their intestine, which has helped them.

Drinking radioactive water was promoted as a cure-all medication in the 1920s; too bad about the casualties.

Much like any organization, the brain itself is compartmentalized. Or is it...?

Leptin is a hormone with many effects. It can reduce appetite when necessary and help people with lipodystrophy. Exploring its behavior is important but challenging.

This article contains information concerning the OSHA permissible exposure limits (PELs) and the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) threshold limit values (TLVs). Is one better than the other?

Plasma is the blood without blood cells. The serum is different from plasma mainly by the absence of fibrinogen and clotting factors II, V, and VIII. This article highlights the differences between plasma and serum.

This article is about ongoing research that is being done to find the cure for H.I.V.

The pelvis is made up of the sacrum and two ilium bones, with an array of supportive ligaments and muscles forcing it closed. An array of issues can manifest themselves causing pain or dysfunction of the pelvis. Sports, trauma, pregnancy and a sedentary lifestyle are all contributors to this.

Commonly known as the shoulder blade, the scapula is a relatively flat bone which articulates with both the humerus of the upper arm, forming the glenohumeral joint, and the clavicle (collar bone) forming the acromioclavicular joint.

Learn the main parts of the circulatory system and how each part works. This article includes topics about the systemic circulation of blood flow, blood composition, blood flow pressure, heartbeat, and the lymphatic system.

A natural human function is frowned upon in polite society and causes gales of laughter among those of us whose development has been arrested.

Buckle up! Pushing the limits of science is about to get weird.

Drug allergies are an immune-mediated type of adverse drug reactions. Though these reactions are unpredictable for the most part, genetic polymorphisms of certain genes can predispose patients to allergy.

The completion of the Human Genome Project marked a dramatic shift in the understanding of cancer. As a result, the past decade has been one of exploration into novel approaches to treating cancer and new drug discovery, such as targeted cancer therapy.

Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis (IBR) is a highly contagious, infectious respiratory disease of cattle caused by Bovine Herpesvirus-1 (BHV-1). It causes acute inflammation of the upper respiratory tract. There is no treatment currently, though vaccination is an effective preventative method.

Have you ever seen faces in random objects or in clouds? Read on to learn about the conditions of pareidolia and apophenia and what they mean.

Recently, someone told me that eating mangoes before using marijuana makes the high more intense. I decided to see what the literature has to say about that. Bottom line: Probably more auto-suggestion than chemistry.

Often, effects of a drug on one’s weight depend on other reasons like aging, diet, medical history, activity, and insulin resistance. Medicines for diabetes, depression, mood disorders, high blood pressure, allergy, and some hormones are some of the meds known to be involved in causing weight gain

Influenza viruses have unpleasant and sometimes serious effects. Antibodies to flu viruses made by llamas may enable scientists to create a better treatment.

There are three main categories of contrast agents used in veterinary radiology: iodinated, barium sulfate, and negative contrast. Iodinated contrasts are subdivided into ionic and non-ionic. Negative contrasts are subdivided into room air, CO2, and NO.

The tongue is a unique part of the body, and it is a muscle that never tires. The future may see the tongue becoming a biometric authentication as each person’s tongue is totally unique. The way the taste buds work is explained. Potential problems reflected by the tongue is explained.

Capnography is the measurement and evaluation of the levels of CO2 in a patient’s exhaled breath, or the end-title CO2 (ETCO2). This is an important component of anesthesia because it helps the anesthetist evaluate the patient’s respiratory rate and the quality of the respirations.

This article discusses the uses, duration of action, side effects, adverse effects, contraindications, and other information about acepromazine, ketamine, and propofol in veterinary anesthesia. Tips for achieving a better anesthetic experience when using these drugs are also discussed.

Why does drinking salty seawater only make humans more thirsty? How are the kidneys involved? What would happen if you only drank salt water for an extended period of time? This article explores all of these questions and more.

Blood type is important to consider in transfusions in order to avoid harmful reactions. Scientists are learning how to make type O red blood cells from other types.

Hair loss is a frequent side effect of drug use, but hair color is another adverse effect that is rare but bothersome. Black or brown hair changing to blond, greying or reddening of hair, and darkening of originally grey hair have been reported in many cases.

Interstitial fluid bathes and supports cells. The spaces holding the fluid seem to be connected. They may form an organ, which has been called the interstitium.

The 'Spermbot' is the latest breakthrough in nanotechnology, but how does it work and what else could it be used for?

Bispecific antibodies can bind two different antigens simultaneously. With more than 100 formats in development, they are one of the fastest-growing classes of investigational drugs.

The glands of the small intestine contain Paneth cells, which help to keep the intestinal lining healthy. Crohn's disease has been linked to problems in the cells.

Article answering: Does having a blood transfusion change your DNA? Transfusion cannot change your DNA but bone marrow transplants can change your DNA. So, Does a blood transfusion change your DNA and if so, will it be for the worse? Doubtful. Will a blood transfusion change your DNA in future?

Blood flukes (genus Schistosoma) parasitic flatworms which infect the organ systems of mammals. They are a serious concern in developing countries, with over 250 million cases recorded per year.

Giant viruses are huge entities compared to other viruses and are bigger than some bacteria. They can often be seen under a light microscope and have large genomes.

Scientists say that people with osteoarthritis seem to have a lower than normal level of FOXO proteins in their damaged joints. Raising the level might be helpful.

Giardia is an interesting parasite that causes an intestinal disease called giardiasis. Understanding the parasite's behavior may lead to better treatments.

Glaucoma is a vision problem caused by optic nerve damage. It often involves increased pressure in the eyeball. Medical research may help to improve treatments.

When someone experiences a heart attack, cells in the heart die. Scientists have found ways to replace the cells in rodents. The techniques may one day help us.

Do you have a hernia repair scheduled? Are you wondering what surgical mesh is? This article will give tell you what mesh is, what problems may occur, and how to help the healing process.

This is part two of a two part article on Pressure Ulcers (also known as "bed sores"). It discusses treatment and prevention of the condition. Warning: some imagery may be disturbing.

This is part one of a two part article on Pressure Ulcers (also known as "bed sores"). It covers the cause and stages of the condition. Warning: Imagery may be disturbing.

Three versions of diabetes are types 1, 2, and 3c. Insulin resistance may increase the risk of Alzheimer's disease and is sometimes called type 3 diabetes.

Tiny microplastic particles are created from plastic waste. The particles enter our body in multiple ways. Their possible effects are unknown but are a concern.

The wood frog survives freezing. Exploring how it does this may help us deal with some human health problems and improve the use of organs for transplants.

This is a scientific article on the importance of varicella treatment and inoculation.

Influenza is one of the most commonly encountered deadly diseases. Due to its high survival rate, people tend to treat it as unimportant, thus aiding in its spread.

Has there been enough research on this subject to make fact-based determinations, or are we once again being led by unsupported claims and incomplete science?

Can consciousness survive after death? A disturbing new study discovers brain activity in brains preserved in specimen jars.

Some people believe that NDE is proof of an afterlife. However, science provides alternate, and more plausible, explanations.

Science fiction as a discipline has told us for decades that we can make replacement parts for human beings. In the 2010s, we began to accomplish this by 3D printing biological materials.